Reviews
8 July 2019
Vol. 1 No. 1 (2020)
https://doi.org/10.4081/bse.61

Phantoms in medicine: The case of ophthalmology

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All claims expressed in this article are solely those of the authors and do not necessarily represent those of their affiliated organizations, or those of the publisher, the editors and the reviewers. Any product that may be evaluated in this article or claim that may be made by its manufacturer is not guaranteed or endorsed by the publisher.
Ocular phantom, Phantom classification, Imaging, Dosimetry, Surgical training, Pharmacokinetics
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Authors

Carmelo De Maria
carmelo.demaria@unipi.it
E. Piaggio Research Center, University of Pisa; Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Sara Iorio
E. Piaggio Research Center, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Francesca Montemurro
E. Piaggio Research Center, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Gabriele Maria Fortunato
E. Piaggio Research Center, University of Pisa; Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Michela Ori
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Vittoria Raffa
Department of Biology, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.
Giovanni Vozzi
E. Piaggio Research Center, University of Pisa; Department of Information Engineering, University of Pisa, Pisa, Italy.

Physical and in-silico phantoms have revealed extremely useful in the development of new surgical techniques and medical devices and for training purposes. The fabrication of eye phantoms requires knowledge of anatomy and physical principles beyond the eye physiology and medical instruments used in the clinical scenario. After a proper definition of phantoms and the discussion about their classification, the present work reviews the various phantoms developed in ophthalmology, illustrating the rationale of their design.

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Supporting Agencies

University of Pisa Fondi PRA 2016 programme.

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Phantoms in medicine: The case of ophthalmology. (2019). Biomedical Science and Engineering, 1(1). https://doi.org/10.4081/bse.61
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